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What are the XML rules?

XML (eXtensible Markup Language) has a set of rules that dictate its structure and syntax. These rules are designed to ensure that XML documents are well-formed and can be processed and understood by XML parsers and other software programs. Some of the key rules of XML include:

1. Root Element: XML documents must have a single root element that encompasses all other elements within the document.

2. Unique Element Names: Each element in an XML document must have a unique name.

3. Nested Elements: Elements can be nested inside other elements to represent hierarchical relationships.

4. Attribute Values: Attributes provide additional information about elements, and their values must be quoted.

5. Well-Formedness: XML documents must be well-formed, meaning that they follow the rules of XML syntax and structure.

6. Validity: XML documents can be validated against a schema, such as a Document Type Definition (DTD) or an XML Schema, to ensure they conform to a specific set of rules.

7. Character Encoding: XML documents must specify the character encoding used in the document, typically UTF-8 or UTF-16.

These rules ensure that XML documents are standardized and can be processed and understood by XML parsers and other software programs.